Many langauages can't do <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaprogramming">metaprogramming easily</a>, because they're not <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoiconicity">homoiconic</a>.  HOWEVER, most languages <i>can</i> do DSL-based metaprogramming.

<ul>
<li>Wikipedia
    <ul>
    <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Language-oriented_programming">language-oriented programming</a>
        <ul>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language">domain-specific language</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metalinguistic_abstraction">metalinguistic abstraction</a>
        </ul>
    <li>domain-driven software development
        <ul>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-driven_design">domain-driven design</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_modeling">domain-specific modeling</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_multimodeling">domain-specific multimodeling</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-driven_architecture">model-driven architecture</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model-driven_engineering">model-driven engineering</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Model_Transformation_Language">model transformation language</a>
        </ul>
    <li>more general stuff
        <ul>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_generation_(compiler)">code generation</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Program_transformation">program transformation</a>
        </ul>
    <li>random conjecture by myself...   metaprogramming generally (and DSL metaprogramming specifically) can be used to implement:
        <ul>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspect-oriented_programming">aspect-oriented programming</a>
        <li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inversion_of_control">inversion of control</a>
        </ul>
    </ul>
<li>books
    <ul>
    <li><a href="http://pragprog.com/titles/tpdsl/language-implementation-patterns">Language Implementation Patterns: Create Your Own Domain-Specific and General Programming Languages</a>
    </ul>
<li>talks
    <ul>
    <li><a href="http://www.venge.net/graydon/talks/mkc/html/mgp00001.html">"One-Day Compilers" or "How I learned to stop worrying and love static metaprogramming"</a>
    </ul>
<li>conferences
    <ul>
    <li><a href="http://www.codegeneration.net/cg2010/">CodeGeneration con</a>
    </ul>
<li>criticisms
    <ul>
    <li><a href="http://www.oreillynet.com/onlamp/blog/2007/06/code_generation_is_not_metapro.html">"[text-based] code generation is not metaprogramming"</a>
    </ul>
</ul>

<h3>methods for implementing DSL metaprogramming</h3>

<ul>
<li>parser + interpretter
    <ul>
    <li>a parser turns flat text into a parse tree
    <li>an interpretter moves over the parse tree, interpretting it
    </ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parser_combinator">parser combinator</a>
</ul>