First do uname -a or dmesg | less to find out what general distribution is installed. Then, look in the right release file:
ls -ld /etc/*release /etc/*version /etc/*issue
| distro | /etc/release equivalent | info for each version |
|---|---|---|
| Ubuntu | /etc/issue /etc/lsb-release | [versions] |
| Debian | /etc/debian_version | [versions] |
| Redhat | /etc/redhat-release | [versions] |
| Knoppix | /etc/knoppix-version | [versions] |
| SuSE | /etc/SuSE-release | |
| others | one, two |
| Solaris | /etc/release |
| AIX | `oslevel` |
| HP UX | `uname -r` |
Run ver.
Alternatively, run:
strings command.com | grep -i version
and you'll see a line that looks like "MS-DOS 7.1 [Version %1]"