"Maximum weight for First-Class Mail letters is 3.5 oz; for large First-Class Mail envelopes, the maximum weight is 13 oz."
"Nonmachinable Envelopes. Unusually shaped mail, like square or vertical envelopes, lumpy envelopes, rigid envelopes, and mail with clasps, string, or buttons, must be hand-canceled. They are charged a nonmachinable surcharge even if they weigh less than 1 oz."
USPS First-Class Package service has been renamed to USPS Ground Advantage (only for domestic service; for international, it's still known as First-Class)
USPS Priority Mail
We want to avoid this if possible, because it tends to be more expensive.