document updated 8 years ago, on Oct 5, 2015

Instruments that have been used for long-distance or military signaling:

alphorn, and its many variants:
fife
drums [2]
- frame drums were the earliest and most primitive (however, the deeper the shell, the louder the drum)
bugle
large bells
natural horns
- conch, important to many different people [1] [2] [3] [4]
- several made from animal horns [1] [2]